Silicon ( Si )

Diced Silicon substrat

Crystal properties

Crystal Type

cubic, diamond structure

Transmission Range

1.2 ... 15 µm

Refractive Index

3.4179 @ 10 µm

Reflective Loss

46.1 % @ 10 µm

Density^.

2.3291 g/cm³

Melting Point:

1420 °C

Molecular Weight:

28.086

Thermal Conductivity

163.32 W / (m K)

Specific Heat

703.4 J / (kg K) @ 25 °C

Thermal Expansion^.

4.05 × 10^–6 / K @ 10...50 °C

Hardness (Knoop)

1150 (Mohs 7)

Young’s Modulus

131 GPa

Shear Modulus

79.9 GPa

Bulk Modulus

102 GPa

Rupture Modulus

340 MPa

Elastic Coefficien

C¹¹ = 167 / C¹² = 65 / C⁴⁴ = 80 Gpa

Dielectric Constant

13 @ f = 9.37 GHz

Solubility in Water

Insoluble

Crystal Structure

single crystal

Cleavage Planes

None

Application

material for IR optic and Electronics

List of Optical Crystals

Materials

Refractive Index

Transmission
Range (mm)

Density
(g/cm³)

Thermal Expansion 
Coefficient (10^-6/K) 

BK7 glass

1.5164 (588 nm)

0.330 – 2.1

2.51

  7.5 

SF11 glass

1.78472 (588 nm)

0.370 – 2.5

4.74

  6.8 

F2 glass

1.62004 (588 nm)

0.420 – 2.0

3.61

  8.2 

Fused Silica

1.4858 (308 nm)

0.185 – 2.5

2.20

  0.55 

CaF₂

1.399  (5.0 mm)

 0.170 – 7.8

3.18

18.85 

BaF₂

 1.460 (3.0 um)

 0.15 – 12.0

4.88

18.4 

Sapphire

1.755 (1.0mm)

0.180 – 4.5

3.98

  8.4 

Silicon

3.4179 (10mm)

 1.200 – 7.0

2.33

  4.15 

Ge

4.003 (10 mm)

 1.900 – 16

5.33

  6.1 

ZnSe

2.40  (10 mm)

0.630 – 18

5.27

  7.8 

ZnS

2.2 (10mm)

0.380 –14

4.09

  6.5 

LiF

1.39 (500 nm)

 0.150 – 5.2

2.64

37 

KBr

1.526 (10 mm)

 0.280 – 22

2.75

43 

 MgF₂

n_o =  1.3836
n_e = 1.3957
(405 nm)

0.130 – 7.0

7.37

a: 13.7
b:  8.48 

YVO₄

n_o = 1.9500
n_e = 2.1554
(1.3 mm)

0.400 – 5.0

4.22

a: 4.46
b: 11.37 

Calcite

n_o =  1.6557
n_e = 1.4852
(633 nm)

0.210 – 2.3

2.75

a: 24.39
b:   5.68 

Quartz

n_o =  1.5427
n_e = 1.5518
(633 nm)

0.200 – 2.3

2.65

7.07 

?-BBO

n_o =  1.6749
n_e = 1.5555
(532 nm)

0.190 – 3.5

3.85

a:   4.0
c: 36 

LiNbO₃

 n_o =  2.2863
n_e = 2.2027
(633 nm)

0.370 – 4.5

4.64

a: 16.7
c: 2.0